An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

Contents

• Introduction and Plan of the Work

Book I.

Of the Causes of Improvement in the Productive Powers of Labor, and of the Order According To Which Its Produce Is Naturally Distributed Among the Different Ranks of the People.

• Chapter 1. Of the Division of Labor
• Chapter 2. Of the Principle Which Gives Occasion to the Division of Labor
• Chapter 3. That the Division of Labor Is Limited By the Extent of the Market
• Chapter 4. Of the Origin and Use of Money
• Chapter 5. Of the Real and Nominal Price of Commodities, or of Their Price in Labor, and Their Price in Money
• Chapter 6. Of the Component Part of the Price of Commodities
• Chapter 7. Of the Natural and Market Price of Commodities
• Chapter 8. Of the Wages of Labor
• Chapter 9. Of the Profits of Stock
• Chapter 10. Of Wages and Profit in the Different Employments of Labor and Stock
  • Part I. Inequalities arising from the nature of the employments themselves
  • Part II. Inequalities occasioned by the Policy of Europe
• Chapter 11. Of the Rent of Land
  • Part I. Of the Produce of Land which always affords Rent
  • Part II. Of the Produce of Land, which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent
  • Part III. Of the variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of that sort of Produce which always affords Rent, and of that which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent
  • Conclusion of the Chapter

Book II.

Of the Nature, Accumulation, and Employment of Stock.

• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Of the Division of Stock
• Chapter 2. Of Money, Considered As A Particular Branch of the General Stock of the Society, or of the Expense of Maintaining the National Capital
• Chapter 3. Of the Accumulation of Capital, or of Productive and Unproductive Labor
• Chapter 4. Of Stock Lent at Interest
• Chapter 5. Of the Different Employments of Capitals

Book III.

Of the Different Progress of Opulence in Different Nations

• Chapter 1. Of the Natural Progress of Opulence
• Chapter 2. Of the Discouragement of Agriculture in the Ancient State of Europe, After the Fall of the Roman Empire
• Chapter 3. Of the Rise and Progress of Cities and Towns, After the Fall of the Roman Empire
• Chapter 4. How the Commerce of Towns Contributed To the Improvement of the Country

Book IV.

Of Systems of Political Economy.

• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System
• Chapter 2. Of Restraints Upon Importation From Foreign Countries of Such Goods As Can Be Produced at Home
• Chapter 3. Of the Extraordinary Restraints upon the Importation of Goods of Almost All Kinds, From Those Countries with Which the Balance Is Supposed To Be Disadvantageous
  • Part I. Of the Unreasonableness of those Restraints, even upon the Principles of the Commercial System
  • Part II. Of the Unreasonableness of those extraordinary Restraints, upon other Principles
• Chapter 4. Of Drawbacks
• Chapter 5. Of Bounties
• Chapter 6. Of Treaties of Commerce
• Chapter 7. Of Colonies
  • Part I. Of the Motives for Establishing New Colonies
  • Part II. Causes of the Prosperity of New Colonies
  • Part III. Of the Advantages which Europe has derived From the Discovery of America, and from that of a Passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope
• Chapter 8. Conclusion of the Mercantile System
• Chapter 9. Of the Agricultural Systems, or of Those Systems of Political Economy Which Represent the Produce of Land, As Either the Sole or the Principal Source of the Revenue and Wealth of Every Country
• Appendix to Book IV

Book V.

Of the Revenue of the Sovereign or Commonwealth

• Chapter 1. Of the Expenses of the Sovereign or Commonwealth
  • Part I. Of the Expense of Defense
  • Part II. Of the Expense of Justice
  • Part III. Of the Expense of Public Works and Public Institutions
  • Part IV. Of the Expense of supporting the Dignity of the Sovereign
  • Conclusion
• Chapter 2. Of the Sources of the General or Public Revenue of the Society
  • Part I. Of the Funds, or Sources, of Revenue, which may peculiarly belong to the Sovereign or Commonwealth
  • Part II. Of Taxes
• Chapter 3. Of Public Debts